Statistical Process Control

SPC tracks a process over time against control limits drawn from its own variation, so you can distinguish normal noise from a signal that something actually changed. The point is restraint: you don’t chase every wiggle, only the ones outside the band.

Most teams overreact to their dashboards for want of this. A number ticking down isn’t news until it leaves the range the process produces on a normal day — a lesson the factory floor teaches better than any analytics tool.